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Что (кто) такое turbine - определение

ROTARY MECHANICAL DEVICE THAT EXTRACTS ENERGY FROM A FLUID FLOW

Turbines; Reaction turbine; Impulse turbine; Rotor (turbine); Turbine propulsion; Turbine engines; Blade (rotary machinery); Guide vane; Silent turbine; Turbopropulsion

turbine

TURBINE

(turbines)

A turbine is a machine or engine which uses a stream of air, gas, water, or steam to turn a wheel and produce power.

N-COUNT

Turbine

TURBINE

·noun A water wheel, commonly horizontal, variously constructed, but usually having a series of curved floats or buckets, against which the water acts by its impulse or reaction in flowing either outward from a central chamber, inward from an external casing, or from above downward, ·etc.;

- also called turbine wheel.

II. Turbine ·add. ·noun A form of steam engine analogous in construction and action to the water turbine. There are practically only two distinct kinds, and they are typified in the de Laval and the Parsons and Curtis turbines. The de Laval turbine is an impulse turbine, in which steam impinges upon revolving blades from a flared nozzle. The flare of the nozzle causes expansion of the steam, and hence changes its pressure energy into kinetic energy. An enormous velocity (30,000 revolutions per minute in the 5 H. P. size) is requisite for high efficiency, and the machine has therefore to be geared down to be of practical use. Some recent development of this type include turbines formed of several de Laval elements compounded as in the ordinary expansion engine. The Parsons turbine is an impulse-and-reaction turbine, usually of the axial type. The steam is constrained to pass successively through alternate rows of fixed and moving blades, being expanded down to a condenser pressure of about 1 lb. per square inch absolute. The Curtis turbine is somewhat simpler than the Parsons, and consists of elements each of which has at least two rows of moving blades and one row of stationary. The bucket velocity is lowered by fractional velocity reduction. Both the Parsons and Curtis turbines are suitable for driving dynamos and steamships directly. In efficiency, lightness, and bulk for a given power, they compare favorably with reciprocating engines.

turbine

TURBINE

['t?:b??n, -?n]

¦ noun a machine for producing continuous power in which a wheel or rotor, typically fitted with vanes, is made to revolve by a fast-moving flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other fluid.

Origin

C19: from Fr., from L. turbo, turbin- 'spinning top, whirl'.

Википедия

Turbine

A turbine ( or ) (from the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, or Latin turbo, meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical power when combined with a generator. A turbine is a turbomachine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor. Early turbine examples are windmills and waterwheels.

Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. Credit for invention of the steam turbine is given both to Anglo-Irish engineer Sir Charles Parsons (1854–1931) for invention of the reaction turbine, and to Swedish engineer Gustaf de Laval (1845–1913) for invention of the impulse turbine. Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery. Hero of Alexandria demonstrated the turbine principle in an aeolipile in the first century AD and Vitruvius mentioned them around 70 BC.

The word "turbine" was coined in 1822 by the French mining engineer Claude Burdin from the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, meaning "vortex" or "whirling", in a memo, "Des turbines hydrauliques ou machines rotatoires à grande vitesse", which he submitted to the Académie royale des sciences in Paris. Benoit Fourneyron, a former student of Claude Burdin, built the first practical water turbine.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbine

Примеры употребления для turbine

1. Engineer Sayeed Rasul pointed to the huge gap between the two round power generators: "Turbine one needs repairs and turbine three is working well and when turbine two arrives we will be able to generate much more power," he said.

2. The company‘s fleet consists of Grumman G–73T Turbine Mallard twin–engine aircraft, powered by Pratt Whitney–Canada PT–6 turbine engines.

3. Construction of the first turbine group is scheduled to be completed in March 2011 and the second turbine group in March 2012.

4. An inspection revealed a hole in the turbine casing.

5. Marafiq’s 1,060MW power generation, transmission and distribution system in Yanbu boasts nine 60MW gas turbine generators and four 130MW steam turbine generators.